How Does a Truck React to Ice and Snow?

As winter approaches, Mercedes Truck France sheds light on the challenges faced by these road giants in cold weather.

Below-freezing temperatures, snowy or icy roads, reduced daylight, and poor visibility: winter always presents particular challenges for trucks and drivers. It goes without saying that battery electric trucks, such as the eActros, must also be able to cope with harsh weather conditions. Transport companies impose the same requirements on them as on diesel-powered vehicles. But what really matters when driving the eActros in winter? The following questions and answers highlight some key aspects.

How do batteries in an electric truck react to low temperatures?

Regardless of the cell technology used, if the battery temperature drops due to outdoor conditions, the internal resistance of the battery increases. Power loss accordingly increases, and a slightly smaller amount of energy is available for use.

To what temperature below zero degrees Celsius can batteries still be charged?

On an eActros, the heating system automatically activates during the charging process at low temperatures. The heater warms the battery until current can again flow and the battery can be charged. At temperatures below minus 19 degrees, the high-voltage battery system switches to self-protection mode to preserve cell lifespan.

Up to what state of charge can batteries be charged at extremely low temperatures?

There is generally no lower limit. The vehicle shuts down appropriately before a deep discharge occurs. Regardless of the temperature, the battery is always charged to 100% unless the driver decides otherwise.

What factors can extend the charging time of the high-voltage battery?

For example, low or high battery temperatures. Charging times can also negatively impact the maximum charging current available from the charging station or the settings of the charging process in the on-board computer, such as charge limits.

How much does cold weather reduce range?

It’s impossible to give a general answer, as many factors come into play. When it’s very cold, it’s advisable to heat the cabin and the battery. Also, note that rolling resistance of tires and the aerodynamic flow of cold air are higher at low temperatures. Cold start-up bearings also have greater resistance, increasing consumption. However, this additional consumption balances out with increased mileage and operating heat after driving. Overall, in winter conditions, initial consumption will be higher and will improve throughout the day.

Does an electric truck behave differently from a diesel truck on snowy roads?

Extensive winter testing conducted by Mercedes-Benz Trucks has shown that the eActros is not restricted in any way, even on snowy roads. Thanks in particular to the lower center of gravity due to battery placement, the eActros offers excellent traction along with high vehicle dynamics. The installed driver assistance and control systems also contribute to safety.

Can snow chains be fitted to an electric truck?

Yes, there are no design restrictions in this regard.